Understanding the Second Coming: Humility and Interpretation
Summary
In our exploration of the biblical doctrine of the second coming, it is crucial to approach this complex subject with an open mind. Throughout history, even the most devout and learned theologians have disagreed on interpretations of prophetic scripture. This should remind us to avoid dogmatism and instead embrace humility and openness to different perspectives. Our discussions aim to foster a deeper understanding and perhaps a more nuanced view of these eschatological themes.
We have examined various interpretations of key biblical texts, such as the ninth chapter of Daniel, chapters 24 and 25 of Matthew, and sections of Thessalonians and Revelation. These scriptures are pivotal in understanding the events leading up to the second coming of Christ. The ninth chapter of Daniel, in particular, presents a prophetic timeline that has been subject to numerous interpretations. The concept of "seventy weeks" is symbolic, representing a divinely ordained period during which significant events will unfold, including the coming of the Messiah and the eventual establishment of everlasting righteousness.
The interpretation of these prophecies has evolved over time, with significant developments occurring around 1830, leading to new schools of thought. Figures like Edward Irving and J.N. Darby were instrumental in shaping these interpretations, which have since been popularized by influential evangelists and institutions. However, it is essential to recognize the symbolic nature of prophetic numbers and avoid rigidly applying them to specific historical timelines.
As we delve into these scriptures, we must consider the broader theological implications, such as the role of Israel, the nature of the Antichrist, and the ultimate fulfillment of God's plan. The interpretations vary, with some viewing these prophecies as already fulfilled, while others see them as future events. Our task is to discern the spiritual truths within these texts and understand their relevance to our faith journey today.
Key Takeaways:
- Humility in Interpretation: The diversity of interpretations among respected theologians highlights the need for humility and openness in our approach to eschatology. Dogmatism can hinder our understanding and spiritual growth. [00:40]
- Symbolism in Prophecy: Prophetic numbers, such as the "seventy weeks" in Daniel, often carry symbolic meanings rather than precise chronological markers. This symbolism invites us to focus on the spiritual truths conveyed rather than exact timelines. [17:26]
- The Role of Israel: Interpretations of prophecy often involve the role of Israel in God's plan. Some views emphasize a future restoration of Israel, while others see the fulfillment of these prophecies in the church. This invites reflection on God's inclusive plan for all believers. [37:54]
- The Nature of the Antichrist: Understanding the Antichrist involves examining various scriptural references and interpretations. Whether viewed as a historical figure or a future entity, the Antichrist symbolizes opposition to Christ's kingdom, urging us to remain vigilant in our faith. [44:56]
- The Second Coming: The anticipation of Christ's return should inspire hope and readiness in our lives. While interpretations of the timing and nature of this event vary, the certainty of Christ's return is a foundational truth that calls us to live faithfully. [18:54]
Youtube Chapters:
- [00:00] - Welcome
- [00:10] - Introduction to the Second Coming
- [00:40] - Importance of Open-Mindedness
- [01:31] - Various Interpretations
- [02:57] - Signs Before the Second Coming
- [03:50] - Key Biblical Texts
- [04:38] - The Book of Revelation
- [05:27] - Challenges in Interpretation
- [07:10] - Historical Context Post-1830
- [08:04] - Influential Figures in Prophetic Interpretation
- [10:18] - Popularization of New Interpretations
- [11:46] - The Ninth Chapter of Daniel
- [14:14] - Understanding Prophetic Numbers
- [19:10] - Symbolism in Prophecy
- [24:01] - The Messiah and the Timeline
- [28:18] - The Crucifixion and Destruction of Jerusalem
- [33:30] - Interpretation Challenges
- [36:31] - Modern Interpretations and Their Implications
- [41:50] - The 70th Week and Future Events
- [45:26] - Conclusion and Reflection
Study Guide
Bible Study Discussion Guide: The Second Coming
Bible Reading:
1. Daniel 9:24-27
2. Matthew 24-25
3. 1 Thessalonians 4:13-18
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Observation Questions:
1. What are the six things mentioned in Daniel 9:24 that are to occur during the "seventy weeks"? How do these events relate to the prophecy's timeline? [23:44]
2. In Matthew 24-25, what signs does Jesus mention that will precede His second coming? How do these signs compare to the interpretations discussed in the sermon? [02:57]
3. According to 1 Thessalonians 4:13-18, what is the sequence of events described concerning the return of Christ? How does this passage contribute to our understanding of the second coming? [04:03]
4. How does the sermon describe the role of influential figures like Edward Irving and J.N. Darby in shaping modern interpretations of eschatology? [08:04]
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Interpretation Questions:
1. The sermon emphasizes humility in interpreting eschatological prophecies. Why is it important to maintain an open mind when studying these scriptures, and how can dogmatism hinder our understanding? [00:40]
2. The concept of "seventy weeks" in Daniel is described as having "concealed definiteness." How does this idea of symbolic numbers affect our interpretation of prophetic timelines? [17:26]
3. The role of Israel in prophecy is a point of contention among theologians. How do different interpretations of Israel's role impact our understanding of God's plan for the future? [37:54]
4. The sermon discusses the nature of the Antichrist as both a historical and future figure. How does this dual perspective influence our vigilance in faith today? [44:56]
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Application Questions:
1. Reflect on a time when you were dogmatic about a belief. How did it affect your relationships or spiritual growth? What steps can you take to approach theological discussions with more humility? [00:40]
2. Consider the symbolic nature of prophetic numbers. How can focusing on spiritual truths rather than exact timelines change your perspective on future events? [17:26]
3. How do you perceive the role of Israel in God's plan? Does your view align more with a future restoration of Israel or the fulfillment of prophecies in the church? How does this shape your faith journey? [37:54]
4. In what ways can you remain vigilant in your faith against the spirit of the Antichrist, as described in the sermon? Are there specific areas in your life where you feel opposition to Christ's kingdom? [44:56]
5. The anticipation of Christ's return should inspire hope and readiness. How can you cultivate a lifestyle that reflects this anticipation? Are there specific habits or practices you can adopt to live more faithfully? [18:54]
6. How do you handle disagreements with others regarding interpretations of scripture? What strategies can you use to engage in constructive and respectful theological discussions? [02:22]
7. Identify one aspect of your life where you can apply the lesson of humility in interpretation. How will you implement this change in your daily interactions or study of scripture? [00:40]
Devotional
Day 1: Embrace Humility in Eschatology
In the exploration of eschatological themes, it is essential to approach the subject with humility and openness. Throughout history, even the most devout theologians have held differing interpretations of prophetic scripture. This diversity of thought serves as a reminder to avoid dogmatism, which can hinder spiritual growth and understanding. Instead, embracing humility allows for a more nuanced view of these complex themes, fostering a deeper understanding of the spiritual truths within. By remaining open to different perspectives, believers can engage in meaningful discussions that enrich their faith journey. [00:40]
"Do not be wise in your own eyes; fear the Lord, and turn away from evil. It will be healing to your flesh and refreshment to your bones." (Proverbs 3:7-8, ESV)
Reflection: Think of a recent theological discussion where you held a strong opinion. How can you approach future conversations with more humility and openness to differing viewpoints?
Day 2: Understand Symbolism in Prophecy
Prophetic scriptures often use symbolic language, such as the "seventy weeks" in Daniel, to convey spiritual truths rather than precise chronological events. This symbolism invites believers to focus on the deeper meanings and messages within the texts, rather than getting caught up in exact timelines. By understanding the symbolic nature of these prophecies, believers can gain insight into the divine plan and the unfolding of significant events in God's timing. This approach encourages a focus on the spiritual implications and the transformative power of these prophecies in one's faith journey. [17:26]
"And he said to me, 'Do not seal up the words of the prophecy of this book, for the time is near. Let the evildoer still do evil, and the filthy still be filthy, and the righteous still do right, and the holy still be holy.'" (Revelation 22:10-11, ESV)
Reflection: Consider a prophecy or symbolic scripture you find challenging. How can you shift your focus from trying to decipher exact timelines to understanding the spiritual truths it conveys?
Day 3: Reflect on the Role of Israel
The role of Israel in prophetic scripture is a topic of varied interpretations, with some viewing a future restoration of Israel and others seeing fulfillment in the church. This invites believers to reflect on God's inclusive plan for all believers and the unfolding of His divine purpose. By examining these interpretations, believers can gain a deeper understanding of the interconnectedness of God's plan and the significance of Israel in the broader narrative of redemption. This reflection encourages an appreciation for the diversity of God's work among different peoples and nations. [37:54]
"For if their rejection means the reconciliation of the world, what will their acceptance mean but life from the dead?" (Romans 11:15, ESV)
Reflection: How does your understanding of Israel's role in prophecy influence your view of God's plan for all believers, including those from different backgrounds and cultures?
Day 4: Discern the Nature of the Antichrist
Understanding the Antichrist involves examining various scriptural references and interpretations, whether viewed as a historical figure or a future entity. The Antichrist symbolizes opposition to Christ's kingdom, urging believers to remain vigilant in their faith. By discerning the nature of the Antichrist, believers can better understand the spiritual battle between good and evil and the importance of steadfastness in their faith journey. This understanding calls for a commitment to living a life that reflects Christ's teachings and resists the forces that oppose His kingdom. [44:56]
"Children, it is the last hour, and as you have heard that antichrist is coming, so now many antichrists have come. Therefore we know that it is the last hour." (1 John 2:18, ESV)
Reflection: In what ways can you remain vigilant in your faith and resist influences that oppose Christ's teachings in your daily life?
Day 5: Anticipate the Second Coming
The anticipation of Christ's return should inspire hope and readiness in the lives of believers. While interpretations of the timing and nature of this event vary, the certainty of Christ's return is a foundational truth that calls believers to live faithfully. This anticipation encourages a life of active faith, characterized by love, service, and a commitment to Christ's teachings. By focusing on the promise of His return, believers can find strength and motivation to persevere in their spiritual journey, knowing that their hope is anchored in the certainty of His coming. [18:54]
"Therefore, stay awake, for you do not know on what day your Lord is coming. But know this, that if the master of the house had known in what part of the night the thief was coming, he would have stayed awake and would not have let his house be broken into." (Matthew 24:42-43, ESV)
Reflection: How can you cultivate a sense of readiness and hope in your daily life as you anticipate the return of Christ? What practical steps can you take to live more faithfully in light of this promise?
Quotes
It is indeed of the greatest importance that we should realize that when the mightiest and the stli men of God of the past centuries have of times disagreed with one another in matters of interpretation it ill behoves any of us to be dogmatic or certain or glip and if these discussions and talks of ours Friday by Friday do nothing else then just cause us all to realize that I attender shall be more than satisfied. [00:27:57]
There is nothing it seems to me that is so sad and indeed often times sinful as an extreme dogmatism in this particular realm therefore I say again that I'm not standing here here to give you a scheme or an exposition which I regard as perfect and absolute and which alone must be right I would not dare venture to say such a thing. [00:80:43]
I am simply trying to put before you some of the various schools and ideas and various types of interpretation and indicating obviously as any man who is concerned to teach the scriptures must do what seems to me at init to be the representation that commends itself most to my mind and to my understanding. [00:99:47]
Now anybody who's ever studied this question of of Prophecy will I am quite sure be in great sympathy with me from this standpoint, that the um matter the books that have been written the ideas that have been propagated with regard to these particular chapters to which I've referred is so voluminous that it is indeed a great task to know how to organize one's matter to know what not to consider what to leave out and what to stress and to emphasize. [00:319:31]
What any man who preaches the gospel likes to do of course is to read a passage and to expound it to explain the meaning of the words and to show the general tenor and the trend and to say well that's the statement of scripture here are the lessons but in dealing with a subject like this it isn't rarely enough to do that now there are many who do that. [00:355:00]
There are many who in handling these prophetic questions simply stand up and give their own understanding and interpretation and leave it at that well of course that's a very simple and a very nice thing to do but to me it isn't sufficient for this reason that there are other ideas and people may have been brought up on these other ideas and they want to know well if if if there's something different why is it different and what is there wrong in their idea. [00:379:03]
It is to me the an essential part of teaching that we really should help one another as far as we can and therefore I cannot simply give a positive Exposition much as I'd like to do so I shall have to give other ideas and other views and beg of you to try to evaluate them giving as much guidance and help as I can. [00:411:00]
Now then here is the difficulty if I had been speaking on these matters here in Westminster Chapel before 1830 my task my problem would be a very much simpler one but here I am in 1955 and I cannot ignore what has happened since 1830 I referred to it briefly in passing last Friday evening a new school of interpretion came into being round about that particular date and it's had a most profound influence. [00:436:12]
The two leaders that really stand out in this new teaching uh are first and and foremost in a sense the Reverend Edward Irving who was a Scottish Minister a minister of the Church of Scotland who came down to a church here in London having been first of all the assistant of the great and famous Dr Thomas Charmers in Scotland Edward Irving came down to London and he exercised the most amazing ministry here his Brilliance of preaching was uh uh famous and indeed almost notorious. [00:472:63]
But he began to become interested in these matters and he began to attend certain prophetic conferences which were also attended by the great and famous and saintly John Nelson Derby JN Derby one of The Originators and founders of the Brethren now the those two men were the leaders of a series of conferences that were held especially to study and to discuss these prophetic questions and uh the outcome of those conferences was this new school of teaching. [00:503:19]
But of course since then there have been many subdivisions and ramifications of the teaching indeed they didn't all agree at the very beginning I'm saying these things just to show you the complexity of the problem and I'm sure it'll interest you all there was a real disagreement about these matters between JN Derby and the equally saintly George Müller who belonged to the Brethren himself but did not agree with Derby's prophetic interpretation. [00:548:76]
Thus you see you find two great saintly able men disagreed and there were others there were those who agreed with with Müller such as um BW newon and others but now it is the simple historical fact to say that the teaching that has proved to be popular and that has become widespread is the one that comes down from JN Derby and it is has developed into quite a school of interpretation as I hope to show you. [00:584:83]
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