Bible reading: Luke 20:1-19 (ESV)
One day, as Jesus was teaching the people in the temple and preaching the gospel, the chief priests and the scribes with the elders came up and said to him, “Tell us by what authority you do these things, or who it is that gave you this authority.” He answered them, “I also will ask you a question. Now tell me, was the baptism of John from heaven or from man?” And they discussed it with one another, saying, “If we say, ‘From heaven,’ he will say, ‘Why did you not believe him?’ But if we say, ‘From man,’ all the people will stone us to death, for they are convinced that John was a prophet.” So they answered that they did not know where it came from. And Jesus said to them, “Neither will I tell you by what authority I do these things.”
And he began to tell the people this parable: “A man planted a vineyard and let it out to tenants and went into another country for a long while. When the time came, he sent a servant to the tenants, so that they would give him some of the fruit of the vineyard. But the tenants beat him and sent him away empty-handed. And he sent another servant. But they also beat and treated him shamefully, and sent him away empty-handed. And he sent yet a third. This one also they wounded and cast out. Then the owner of the vineyard said, ‘What shall I do? I will send my beloved son; perhaps they will respect him.’ But when the tenants saw him, they said to themselves, ‘This is the heir. Let us kill him, so that the inheritance may be ours.’ And they threw him out of the vineyard and killed him. What then will the owner of the vineyard do to them? He will come and destroy those tenants and give the vineyard to others.” When they heard this, they said, “Surely not!” But he looked directly at them and said, “What then is this that is written: ‘The stone that the builders rejected has become the cornerstone’? Everyone who falls on that stone will be broken to pieces, and when it falls on anyone, it will crush him.”
Observation questions
- In the parable, what did the tenants do to each servant the owner of the vineyard sent to them?
- What was the owner's final plan, and what was the tenants' reasoning for their action?
- According to Jesus, what two things can happen to a person in relation to the "stone" that was rejected?
Interpretation questions
- The religious leaders asked Jesus, "By what authority are you doing these things?" [39:27] Why is the question of authority so central to the conflict, and what does it reveal about the human heart?
- The owner of the vineyard sent his son, thinking, "Perhaps they will respect him." [51:09] In light of the tenants' history, why would the owner make this decision, and what does this reveal about the nature of God?
- Jesus says the rejected stone will either break those who fall on it or crush those it falls on. [01:05:38] What is the difference between being broken by the stone and being crushed by it?
Application questions
- Belief without submission leaves a life split between claims and conduct. [39:27] In what specific area of your life are you currently struggling to submit to Christ's authority, and what would it look like to surrender that area to Him this week?
- The parable shows how persistent rebellion erodes stewardship. [55:48] Is there a pattern of rejecting God's gentle correction in your life? What is one practical step you can take to stop resisting and start listening?
- The stone the builders rejected is the cornerstone. [01:03:07] Have you been trying to build your life on a different foundation—like your own plans, career, or relationships? What would it look like to recenter your life on Christ as the true cornerstone?
- Baptism marks a public surrender that enables the Spirit to shape a life. [16:14] If you have been baptized, how does that act of obedience continue to shape your daily decisions? If you haven't, what is holding you back from this step of public surrender?
- The religious leaders were more afraid of the people than they were of God. [01:10:38] Who are the "people" in your life whose opinion you fear more than God's? How can you actively choose to fear God more this week?
- Communion re-centers devotion around Christ’s atoning work. [01:13:21] How can you approach the Lord's Table this week not as a ritual, but as a tangible moment to realign your heart and allegiance under Christ's rule?