Bible Reading
Matthew 16:13–2813. When Jesus came to the region of Caesarea Philippi, he asked his disciples, “Who do people say the Son of Man is?”
[31:49]14. They replied, “Some say John the Baptist; others say Elijah; and still others, Jeremiah or one of the prophets.”
[34:19]15. “But what about you?” he asked. “Who do you say I am?”
16. Simon Peter answered, “You are the Messiah, the Son of the living God.”
[36:10]17. Jesus replied, “Blessed are you, Simon son of Jonah, for this was not revealed to you by flesh and blood, but by my Father in heaven.”
18. And I tell you that you are Peter, and on this rock I will build my church, and the gates of Hades will not overcome it.
[40:45]19. I will give you the keys of the kingdom of heaven; whatever you bind on earth will be bound in heaven, and whatever you loose on earth will be loosed in heaven.
20. Then he ordered his disciples not to tell anyone that he was the Messiah.
21. From that time on Jesus began to explain to his disciples that he must go to Jerusalem and suffer many things at the hands of the elders, the chief priests and the teachers of the law, and that he must be killed and on the third day be raised to life.
[46:01]22. Peter took him aside and began to rebuke him. “Never, Lord!” he said. “This shall never happen to you!”
23. Jesus turned and said to Peter, “Get behind me, Satan! You are a stumbling block to me; you do not have in mind the concerns of God, but merely human concerns.”
24. Then Jesus said to his disciples, “Whoever wants to be my disciple must deny themselves and take up their cross and follow me.”
[47:07]25. “For whoever wants to save their life will lose it, but whoever loses their life for me will find it.”
26. “What good will it be for someone to gain the whole world, yet forfeit their soul? Or what can anyone give in exchange for their soul?”
27. “For the Son of Man is going to come in his Father’s glory with his angels, and then he will reward each person according to what they have done.”
28. “Truly I tell you, some who are standing here will not taste death before they see the Son of Man coming in his kingdom.”
Matthew 28:18–2018. Then Jesus came to them and said, “All authority in heaven and on earth has been given to me.”
19. “Therefore go and make disciples of all nations, baptizing them in the name of the Father and of the Son and of the Holy Spirit,”
20. “and teaching them to obey everything I have commanded you. And surely I am with you always, to the very end of the age.”
John 1:4–54. In him was life, and that life was the light of all mankind.
5. The light shines in the darkness, and the darkness has not overcome it.
Observation questions
- What answers did the disciples report when Jesus asked what people were saying about him, and how does Peter’s answer differ from those answers? [34:19]
- What does Jesus say he will build in Matthew 16:18, and what does he promise about the gates of Hades?
- What two expectations about the Messiah were common in Peter’s world: restoring religious prestige and defeating enemies? [38:36]
- In Matthew 16:21–24, what does Jesus say must happen to him, how does Peter respond, and what does Jesus then require of everyone who wants to follow him? [46:01]
Interpretation questions
- Why might Jesus have chosen the idol-filled region of Caesarea Philippi as the setting for asking, “Who do you say I am?” What does that location communicate about his authority in dark places? [32:17]
- Peter correctly calls Jesus “the Messiah, the Son of the living God,” yet he rejects Jesus’ path of suffering. What does this reveal about the difference between knowing the right words about Jesus and accepting his mission? [37:32]
- If gates are defensive structures, what picture does Jesus give of the church’s calling when he says that the gates of Hades will not overcome it? How does that differ from a church that only tries to protect itself? [42:39]
- Jesus confronts darkness through suffering, resurrection, sacrifice, service, and love rather than revenge or force. Why can this way of responding feel weak or impractical, and why is it actually the way of the crucified King? [47:32]
Application questions
- Where does the darkness of the world most weigh on you right now—at work, in your neighborhood, in your family, online, or in the wider culture? What might it look like to remember that Jesus is already Lord there rather than responding mainly with fear? [44:31]
- Jesus still asks, “Who do you say I am?” When has it felt tempting to describe Jesus merely as a good teacher, moral example, or private preference in order to avoid discomfort? What would a clear and gracious confession of Jesus as Messiah and Son of God look like in that setting? [35:36]
- It is easy to hope that Jesus will mainly restore comfort, status, influence, or victory over people viewed as opponents. Which of those expectations can quietly shape your prayers or reactions? How does Jesus’ willingness to suffer correct that expectation? [39:41]
- The church is a rescue movement, not merely a place to retreat from the world. Who is one person or group in your everyday life that may feel far from hope, isolated, or trapped by darkness? What is one faithful step toward them that you could take this week? [43:12]
- Jesus calls his followers to deny themselves, take up their cross, and follow him. What comfort, time, resource, reputation, or preference might following Jesus be inviting you to place in his hands right now? [47:07]
- Kingdom “offense” looks like sacrifice, service, and love. What practical need in your community could become an opportunity to show Christ’s love—not as a substitute for the gospel, but as a visible expression of it? [50:21]
- Clean water created space for peace and gospel conversations in communities marked by hostility. Where might patient service and genuine care help build trust across a relationship marked by disagreement, suspicion, or distance? [51:29]