Here is a Bible study guide based on the sermon:
Bible Reading1 Samuel 16:1-13 (ESV)
The LORD said to Samuel, “How long will you grieve over Saul, since I have rejected him from being king over Israel? Fill your horn with oil, and go. I will send you to Jesse the Bethlehemite, for I have provided for myself a king among his sons.” And Samuel said, “How can I go? If Saul hears of it, he will kill me.” And the LORD said, “Take a heifer with you and say, ‘I have come to sacrifice to the LORD.’ And invite Jesse to the sacrifice, and I will show you what you shall do. And you shall anoint for me the one whom I declare to you.” Samuel did as the LORD commanded. And when he came to Bethlehem, the elders of the city came trembling to meet him, and said, “Is it a peaceful coming, your coming?” He said, “Yes, peaceful. I have come to sacrifice to the LORD. Consecrate yourselves, and come with me to the sacrifice.” And he consecrated Jesse and his sons, and invited them to the sacrifice.
When they came, he looked on Eliab and thought, “Surely the LORD’s anointed is before him.” But the LORD said to Samuel, “Do not look on his appearance or on the height of his stature, because I have rejected him. For the LORD sees not as man sees: man looks on the outward appearance, but the LORD looks on the heart.” Then Jesse called Abinadab and made him pass before Samuel. And he said, “Neither has the LORD chosen this one.” Then Jesse made Shammah pass by. And he said, “Neither has the LORD chosen this one.” And Jesse made seven of his sons pass before Samuel. And Samuel said to Jesse, “The LORD has not chosen these.” Then Samuel said to Jesse, “Are all your sons here?” And he said, “There remains yet the youngest, but behold, he is keeping the sheep.” And Samuel said to Jesse, “Send and bring him. For we will not sit down till he comes here.” And he sent and brought him in. Now he was ruddy, with beautiful eyes, and good in appearance. And the LORD said, “Arise, anoint him, for this is he.” Then Samuel took the horn of oil and anointed him in the midst of his brothers. And the Spirit of the LORD rushed upon David from that day forward. And Samuel rose up and went to Ramah.
Psalm 142:1-7 (ESV)
To the choirmaster. A Maskil of David, when he was in the cave.
A Prayer.
With my voice I cry out to the LORD;
with my voice I plead for mercy to the LORD.
I pour out my complaint before him;
before him I tell my trouble.
When my spirit is faint within me,
you know my way.
In the path where I walk
they have hidden a snare for me.
Look to the right and see:
there is none who takes my part;
no one cares for my life.
I cry out to you, O LORD;
I say, “You are my refuge,
my portion in the land of the living.”
Attend to my cry, for I am brought very low!
Deliver me from my persecutors, for they are too strong for me!
1 Samuel 22:1-2 (ESV)
David therefore departed from there and escaped to the cave of Adullam. And when his brothers and all his father's house heard it, they went down there to him. And everyone who was in distress, and everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was discontented, gathered to him. And he became commander over them. And about four hundred men were with him.
Observation questions- The sermon highlights that David was tending sheep when he was anointed king. What does this tell us about where God often finds and calls people? [00:39]
- The summary mentions that David's anointing oil "refuses to anoint another." What does this suggest about the nature of God's calling and selection? [01:01]
- Psalm 142 describes David's prayer in the cave. What are some of the raw emotions and pleas David expresses in this psalm? [13:37]
- The sermon notes that when David was in the cave, "everyone who was in distress, and everyone who was in debt, and everyone who was discontented, gathered to him." What kind of people made up David's early followers? [16:01]
Interpretation questions- The sermon suggests that "running" can be either toward a chosen goal or away from threats and betrayals. How does David's situation in 1 Samuel 22 illustrate the pain of running from forces that would strip his identity and security? [03:09]
- The "spilled oil" is presented as a symbol of calling that endures even in hidden places. How can "caves," literal or metaphorical, refine our perception and produce a language of prayer, as David's Psalm 142 demonstrates? [05:28]
- The sermon points out that God often answers prayer by forming a community shaped by shared need, not polished talent. How does the gathering of the "three D men" (distressed, indebted, discontented) around David in 1 Samuel 22 challenge our typical expectations of divine help? [16:42]
- The idea of being "chosen while being chased" is a key takeaway. How does this paradox reframe trials as a context where calling is tested and clarified rather than cancelled? [11:20]
Application questions- We are called to recognize our chosenness even when life feels like a "cave" of fear or exile. Can you identify a time in your life when you felt hidden or overlooked, yet God's calling remained? What did that experience teach you about His faithfulness? [05:28]
- The sermon encourages us to understand that "running toward God's embrace is a tactical posture of faith." When you feel pursued by difficult circumstances or internal struggles, what does it look like practically to run toward God's arms rather than away from the problem? [11:52]
- The gathering of imperfect allies around David shows that divine provision often comes through others who also carry needs. How can we be more open to receiving God's help through people who might not seem like the "ideal" helpers, recognizing that they are part of God's strategic answer? [16:01]
- The sermon challenges us to believe that our identity in God must outlast the dissonance between our calling and our circumstances. When the external pressures of life seem to contradict who God says you are, what specific steps can you take to anchor your identity in Him? [19:49]
- The message reminds us that "caves don't cancel God's calling." Think about a difficult season or a "hidden place" you've experienced. How did that time, in retrospect, deepen your dependence on God or clarify your purpose? [05:28]